中考状语从句讲解ppt(中考英语状语从句专项训练)
很多学生觉得英语难学,但事实上,英语和其他学科区别不大,知识点都完全出在书中。只要肯下工夫,一定会把英语学好,至少英语成绩不会被别人落下太多。通过今年的初三期末考试可以看出来,学生们存在的最主要的问题还是对教材不够熟悉。比如,今年的完形填空题出自教科书中的原文,但是5个填空部分很多学生都没有完全答对。其实,现在考试的趋势越来越回归教材,所以学生们一定要对教材非常熟悉。英语考试中的作文虽然不像语文作文那样占分比例很大,但这仍是一个重点。此次考试,学生们的作文情况也不是很理想。原因是学生们平时不愿意动笔。其实,只要对教材熟悉,写作的问题就不大。教材中的每个模块的第二、三单元都是一个主题,这个主题会告知写作内容。中考时的写作范围也不会脱离这些主题,肯定会是书中提到过的,所以,学生们要根据这些主题主动练习写作。
寒假期间的复习重点可根据个人情况而定,但以下两方面不得忽视:1、完形填空和阅读每天要做四五篇。英语考试中完形填空和阅读所占分数非常大,这是一个容易得分的部分。所以,学生们在假期每天都要保证阅读数量。英语语感很重要,如果长时间不做阅读,再次复习时会费很多力气。2、初一到初三教材“过”一遍。复习英语的最好方式就是熟读教材,因为英语教材中几乎涵盖了所有知识点。寒假期间,初一到初三年级的全部英语单词要复习一遍,课文要通读一遍,要保证英译汉和汉译英都没有问题,这样会给开学后进入总复习提供很多帮助。
【考点直击】
1.时间状语从句
2.条件状语从句
3.原因状语从句
4.结果状语从句
5.比较状语从句
6.目的状语从句
7.让步状语从句
8.地点状语从句
【名师点睛】
用来修饰主句中的动词,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句,原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句。
1.时间状语从句
(1)时间状语从句常用when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas等连词来引导。例如:
Itwasraininghardwhengottoschoolyesterday.
Whilehewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang.
Ashewalkedalongthelake,hesanghappily.
HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.
Afterhefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.
(2)在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如:
I’llringyouupassoonasIgettoNewYork.
Iwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback.
Hewon’tbelieveituntilheseesitwithhisowneyes.
(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”,“在……以前不……”,谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如:
Theyoungmanreadtillthelightwentout.
Let’swaituntiltherainstops.
Wewon’tstartuntilBobcomes.
Don’tgetoffuntilthebusstops.
2.条件状语从句
(1)条件状语从句通常由if,unless引导。例如:
Whatshallwedoifitsnowstomorrow?
Don’tleavethebuildingunlessItellyouto.
(2)在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如:
I’llhelpyouwithyourEnglishifamfreetomorrow.
Hewon’tbelateunlessheisill.
(3)“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如:
Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.
=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llbelate.
Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.
=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.
3.原因状语从句
(1)原因状语从句通常由because,since,as引导。例如:
Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.
Asitisraining,weshallnotgothezoo.
Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.
(2)because表示直接原因,语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题,只能用because。As和since语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如:
------Whyaren’tgoingthere?
------BecauseIdon’twantto.
Ashehasnocar,hecan’tgetthereeasily.
Sincewehavenomoney,wecan’tbuyit.
(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。
4.结果状语从句
(1)结果状语从句由so…that,such…that,sothat引导。例如:
Heissopoorthathecan’tbuyabikeforhisson.
Sheissuchagoodteacherthateverybodylikesher.
Mypencilfellunderthedesk,sothatIcouldn’tseeit.
(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如:
在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中,so是副词,与形容词连用。其结构是:“...so+形容词(副词)+that+从句”。例如:
Hewassogladthathecouldn’tsayaword.
Thehallissobigthatitcanhold2,000people.
Motherlivessofarawaythatwehardlyeverseeher.
在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中,such是形容词,它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词,也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词,也可不带。如果是单数可数名词,前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如:
Itwassuchahotdaythatnobodywantedtodoanything.
Hehadsuchlongarmsthathecouldalmosttouchtheceiling.
Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathedidverywellinthemid-term.
有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如:
Itwassuchawonderfulfilmthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.
=Thefilmwassowonderfulthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.
Itissuchanimportantmatchthatnobodywantstomissit.
=Thematchissoimportantthatnobodywantstomissit.
(3)如果名词前由many,much,little,few等词修饰时,只能用so,不用such。例如:
Soonthereweresomanydeerthattheyateupallthewildroses.
Hehassolittletimethathecan’tgotothecinemawithyou.
5.比较状语从句
比较状语从句通常由as…as,比较级+than…等连词引导。例如:
TomrunsfasterthanJohndoes.
Thisclassroomisasbigasthatone.
6.目的状语从句
(1)目的状语从句通常由sothat,inorderthat引导。例如:
Westartedearlysothatwecouldcatchthefirsttrain.
Hestudieshardsothathecouldworkbetterinthefuture.
Weusedthecomputerinorderthatwemightsavetime.
(2)sothat既可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个:1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can,could,may,might等。2)从意思上看,目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如:
Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.(目的状语从句)
Jackisbadlyillsothathehastorest.(结果状语从句)
7.让步状语从句
(1)让步状语从句通常由although,though等连词引导。例如:
Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.
AlthoughIamtired,Imustgoonworking.
(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。例如:
我们不能说:Thoughitwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.
应该说:Thoughitwasraininghard,hestillwentout.或Itwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.
8.地点状语从句
地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如:
Gowhereyoulike.
Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.
【实例解析】
1.(年北京市海淀区中考试题)
Youwillstayhealthy_______youdomoreexercise,suchasrunningandwalking.
A.ifB.howC.beforeD.where
答案:A。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看,从句应是一个条件状语从句,在这四个选项中只有if能引导条件状语从句,所以选A。
2.(年江西省中考试题)
---Shallwegoonworking?
---Yes,_________Iprefertohavearest.
A.whenB.ifC.becauseD.though
答案:D。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看,只有选though才能说得通。
3.(年徐州市中考试题)
Noneofusknewwhathadhappened_________theytoldusaboutit.
A.whenB.untilC.afterD.though
答案:B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词选择。本句的意思是“在……以前我们没人知道这件事。”要表达着一意思应用“not…until”这一句型。
4.(年泉州市中考试题)
---Ihopeyou’llenjoyyourtrip,dear!
---Thankyou,mum.I’llgiveyouacall_________Igetthere.
A.untilB.assoonasC.sinceD.till
答案:B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。本题的意思是“一到那里,我就给你打电话。”要表达这个意思应选用assoonas。
【中考演练】
一.单项填空
1._______he’sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.
A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So
2.---Doyouknowifhe_______toplaybasketballwithus?
---Ithinkhewillcomeifhe______freetomorrow.
A.comes;isB.comes;willbeC.willcome;isD.willcome;willbe
3.Inthezooifachild_____intothewaterandcan’tswim,thedolphinsmaycomeup______him.
A.willfall;tohelpB.falls;tohelp
C.willfall;helpD.falls;helping
4.Idon’tremember________heworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.
A.whatB.whichC.whereD.who
5.Wewillstayathomeifmyaunt________tovisitustomorrow.
A.comesB.comeC.willcomeD.iscoming
6.Thepoliceaskedthechildren_______crossthestreet________thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.
A.not;beforeB.don’t;whenC.notto;untilD.not;after
7.Iwaslateforclassyesterday_______therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.
A.whenB.thatC.untilD.because
8.I’llgoswimmingwithyouifI________freetomorrow.
A.willbeB.shallbeC.amD.was
9.Intheexam,the________youare,______the_______mistakesyouwillmake.
A.careful;littleB.morecareful;fewest
C.morecareful;fewerD.morecareful;less
10.Youshouldfinishyourlessons_______yougoouttopaly.
A.beforeB.afterC.whenD.while
11.Ihurried_____Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.
A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless
12.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark_______youhaveanyquestions.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.though
13.Theteacherraisedhisvoice_______allthestudentscouldhearhim.
A.forB.sothatC.becauseD.inorder
14.Hetookoffhiscoat_______hefelthot.
A.becauseB.asC.ifD.since
15.Itis______thatwe’dliketogooutforawalk.
A.alovelydayB.toolovelyaday
C.solovelyadayD.suchlovelyaday
16.Maryhad______muchworktodothatshestayedatherofficeallday.
A.suchB.soC.tooD.very
17._______Ifeltverytired,Itriedtofinishthework.
A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.Asif
18.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.
A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As
19.______wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.
A.SolongasB.Inorderthat
C.NomatterhowD.Themoment
20.Writetomeassoonasyou________toBeijing.
A.willgetB.getC.gettingD.got
二.根据中文意思完成下列英语句子
1.不管他跟我开什麽玩笑,我都不生气。
Iamnotangrywithhim,____________________jokeshe______onme.
2.布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切,以至于学生把她当做母亲。
MrsBrucewas_______kindtoherstudents______they______her_____theirmother.
3.只要我们竭尽全力,父母就会满意我们的表现。
Ourparentswillbepleasedwithourperformance________________wetryourbest.
4.你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗?
Willyoupleasecallme__________________yougettoShanghai.
5.这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴,以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。
Theseven-year-oldgirllikesplayingthepiano__________________shehaskept
practicingfortwoyears.
6.虽然她很忙,他还坚持自学英语。
___________________________,shekeptonlearningEnglishbyherself.
7.他长大后相当一名记者。
Hewantstobeajournalist___________________________.
8.无论刮风下雨,我们的老师总是第一个到校。
______________windyorrainy,ourteacherisalwaysthefirsttogettoschool.
9.如果人人为保护环境做出贡献,世界将会变得更美好。
______________________________toprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.
10.李明昨天没来上学,因为他病了。
LiMingdidn’tcometoschool__________________________.
【练习答案】
一.1.A2.C3.B4.C5.A6.C7.D8.C9.C10.A11.B12.C13.B14.A15.C16.B17.A18.D19.C20.B
二.1.nomatterwhat;plays2.so;that;regarded;as3.aslongas4.aslongas5.somuchthat6.Thoughshewasbusy7.whenhegrowsup8.Whetherit’s9.Ifeveryonemakesacontribution10.becausehewasill
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