2012中考英语语法重点 动词的语态 3单元（中考英语语法专项讲解 动词时态）
和时态一样，语态也是动词的一种形式，用来说明句中主语和谓语的关系。如果动作由主语执行，就可使用主动语态，如果主语不是由主语执行，主语是动作的承受者，则可使用被动语态。由此我们可以看出英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者，什么事情被主语做。被动语态的构成和形式被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成，一定要记住是及物动词。助动词必须与主语的人称和数一致，注意要与我们前一讲学过的八个时态配合使用。
适合被动语态的情况：
不知道动作由谁发出，或由于某种原因没有必要说明谁发出动作。如：Thistableismadeofwood.需要突出或强调动作的承受者时，如：Thisparkwasbuiltforchildren.
注意：主动句中的主语如果是people，they，somebody等含糊的表示"人或人们"，没有确指执行者是谁，为被动句时，通常省略"by+执行者"。如：Thedoorwasopenedsecretly.Butnobodycamein.
注意：在主动句里,不定式在make，see，hear等动词后面作宾语补足语时都不带to，但变成被动句时，后面的不定式都需带to。如：Hewasmadetodothatwork.
主动语态不能变被动语态的情况：学了被动语态，别以为主动句和被动句可以随意转换，千万要注意呀!有些主动语态不能转换成被动语态。当宾语是反身代词时,如：Youshouldtakecareofyourself.当谓语是表状态的而不是表具体动作的及物动词时，如：Doestheskirtsuityou?
练习：
1.Thestars_______inthedaytime.
A.can'tsee
B.can'tbeseen
C.can'tbeensee
D.see
2.Apresent_______tomebyMothernextweek.
A.willgive
B.isgiven
C.willbegive
D.willbegiven
3.TheCommunistPartyofChina_______inShanghaiin.
A.wasfound
B.found
C.wasfounded
D.founded
4.Greatchanges_______inmyhometownsinceliberation.
A.havebeentakenplace
B.tookplace
C.havetakenplace
D.weretakenplace
5.Iwasastonished(吃惊)tohearthatthecolourTVset_______5,000yuan.
A.hascost
B.cost
C.costed
D.wascost
6.Hewasseen_________somethingfromtheshop.
A.steel
B.tosteal
C.tobestolen
D.stealed
7.Shehas_________byherclassmates.
A.laughed
B.laughedat
C.beenlaughed
D.beenlaughedat
8.Thecomputer________intheroom.
A.canuse
B.canbeuse
C.canbeused
D.canused
9.Thatclock______BigBen.
A.call
B.calling
C.iscalled
D.calls
10.Thefilm_______againsometimesnextweek.
A.shows
B.willshows
C.willbeshowed
D.shows
实践：
1.Ihaveneverseen_____UFOin______sky.
A.a,the
B.an,the
C.a,a
D.the,a
2.--Howisyourbrother'shouseworkdone?
--________
A.Good
B.Allright
C.Quitewell
D.Verybad
3.TheycomefromEngland.Theyare_______.
A.Englishman
B.English
C.Englishmans
D.anEnglish
4.Wouldyoupleasegiveme_____colourpencils?
A.any
B.some
C.alittle
D.much
5.Myfatherissleepingnow,couldyou____theradioabit?
A.turnup
B.turnon
C.turndown
D.turnoff
6.ItwillbeChildren'sDaysoonandwe'renow____busy____abee.
A.as...as
B.as...like
C.like...as
D.so...like
7.--Well,______?
--Ihaveaheadache,doctor.
A.howdoyoudo
B.what'sthematterwithyou
C.howareyoufeelinglike
D.whatkindofillnessdoyouhave
8.Theteachertoldtheboy_____itagain.
A.don'tdo
B.doesnotdo
C.tonotdo
D.nottodo
9.Ilefthere,________.
A.Marydoes
B.sodoesMary
C.Marydidso
D.sodidMary
10.--Whoteaches_____English?
--MrLin.
A.you
B.your
C.she
D.Tom's
11.Haveyoufinished_______thebook?
A.read
B.toread
C.reading
D.reads
12.Thefarmerstaughtus______.
A.tohowpickapples.
B.howpickapples.
C.howpickingapples
D.howtopickapples
13.--______IwatchPro.Brownfrommorningtillnight?
--No,youneedn't.
A.Must
B.Can
C.May
D.Need.
14.Doyouknow________?
A.howlonghashelivedhere
B.howlonghehaslivedhere
C.hehaslivedherehowlong
D.hehaslivedhowlonghere
15.WewillgototheGreatwallifit______tomorrow.
A.doesn'train
B.won'train
C.isn'training
D.didn'train
?
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