考研英语阅读同义替换总结（考研英语阅读同义词替换）

随着炎炎夏日的到来,同学们的复习进度也正在进行的如火如荼。在英语阅读块面，仔细阅读考研文章之后,再来看题目和选项,相比很多同学都已经发现一个共性，那就是：同义替换。很多题目和选项都或多或少的与原文里的句子有些不大一样，但是意思却基本相同。

?Text1是一篇讲述如何在对话中有效使用幽默的文章?1.：Tomakeyourhumorwork,youshould________.?答案C：addressdifferentproblemstodifferentpeople?定位原文：Dependingonwhomyouareaddressing,theproblemswillbedifferent.?答题要点：既然是细节题,并且出现在第一道,那么应该正确答案理应出现在文章前面段落,并且很可能就是第一段.正确选项和原文之间并非出现词汇的同义替换,而是换了句型.?2：Thejokeaboutdoctorsimpliesthat,intheeyesofnurses,theyare________.?正确答案B：veryconsciousoftheirgodlikerole?原文复现："Whoisthat?"thenewarrivalaskedSt.Peter."Oh,that'sGod,"camethereply,"butsometimeshethinkshe'sadoctor."?答题要点：这个题目难度较大,但是解本题的时候,除了找到此同义替换局外,还有一点是关键的,那就是这个例子出现的背景,那就是护士对医生有着一致的看法和观点,并且绝对不是一种好的评价,所以才会拿来开玩笑.所以再结合原文,应该推断,B为正确选项.说明医生很在乎自己上帝般的角色God再次出现。?3：Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatpublicservices________.?正确答案D：haveoftenbeenthelaughingstock?原文定位：YouwillbeonsafergroundifyousticktoscapegoatslikethePostOfficeorthetelephonesystem.?答题要点：thePostOfficeorthetelephonesystem与publicservices属于上下义的关系，因此一定程度上属于同义替换,并且laughingstock与scapegoats如果仔细看这段文字的话,也会发现,其实就是同义的表达而已.?4：Toachievethedesiredresult,humorousstoriesshouldbedelivered________.?答案D：ascasuallyaspossible?原文定位：Ifyoufeelawkwardbeinghumorous,youmustpracticesothatitbecomesmorenatural.Includeafewcasualandapparentlyoff-the-cuffremarkswhichyoucandeliverinarelaxedandunforcedmanner.?答题要点：先定位,然后再来分析发现原文中nature,casual,off-the-cuff，relaxed,unforced全都是答案中casually的同义词,如此之多,完全可以判定正确选项D??Text2?1:Humaningenuitywasinitiallydemonstratedin________.?正确答案C：theinventionoftoolsfordifficultanddangerouswork?原文定位：Sincethedawnofhumaningenuity,peoplehavedevisedevermorecunningtoolstocopewithworkthatisdangerous,boring,burdensome,orjustplainnasty.?解题要点：本题的难度较小,很容易辨析,在原文与选项的对比之后发现tools再次出现，difficult,dangerous是dangerous,boring,burdensome,orjustplainnasty的同义替换,也就是换个方式把原文的意思重新表达一次,很明显为正确选项.?2:Theword"gizmos"(line1,paragraph2)mostprobablymeans________.?正确答案C：devices?原文定位：Asaresult,themodernworldisincreasinglypopulatedbyintelligentgizmoswhosepresencewebarelynoticebutwhoseuniversalexistencehasremovedmuchhumanlabor.?解题要点：从题型来看,这属于典型的词汇题,而词汇题的做题关键则是在原文的上下文中找出相应的近义词,同义词和反义词之类,也可以使同义表达.从后面定语从句来看，重点是removehumanlabor.再从后面的几个例子中，factory,banking,subwaytrain几个东西都是工具，得出答案。?3：题：Accordingtothetext,whatisbeyondman'sabilitynowistodesignarobotthatcan__?正确答案D：respondindependentlytoachangingworld?原文定位："Whileweknowhowtotellarobottohandleaspecificerror,"saysDaveLavery,managerofaroboticsprogramatNASA,"wecan'tyetgivearobotenough'commonsense'toreliablyinteractwithadynamicworld."?答题要点：reliablyinteractwithadynamicworld是文章中的respondindependentlytoachangingworld同义转化，并且题目中也有类似的同义替换,如beyondman’sability等同于原文中的cannotyetgive…?4：Besidesreducinghumanlabor,robotscanalso________.?正确答案B：dealwithsomeerrorswithhumanintervention?原文定位：Butifrobotsaretoreachthenextstageoflaborsavingutility,theywillhavetooperatewithlesshumansupervisionandbeabletomakeatleastafewdecisionsforthemselves—goalsthatposearealchallenge….whileweknowhowtotellarobottohandleaspecificerror…?答题要点：同义替换,withhumanintervention替换了文中withlesshumansupervision.?比其他一些题目更难的地方在于,这句话无论是原文还是正确选项都有个前提,所以必须考虑进来,如果不考虑前提,很有可能出现断章取义,导致错选了A,makeafewdecisionforthemselves.

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